Judith Hope Blau, a painter whose accidental detour into bagel art — necklaces, napkin rings, wreaths and candleholders fashioned from, yes, bagels — led to a career as a children’s book author and illustrator and a toy designer, died on May 4 at her home in Eastchester, NY. She was 87.

She started by masking bagel puppets and bagel necklaces for her young children. She painted them with smiling faces, and sold hundreds of them. Her daughter brought one of the bagel necklaces to school, and it was such a hit that Mrs. Blau’s husband suggested she show a bag of them to a Bloomingdale’s buyer. The store ordered 100, and thousands were sold in the first few months. The publisher McGraw Hill asked her to write a children’s book about her bagels. For Fieldcrest, she designed bedding and socks with bagel characters. She made plush bagel toys.

A local newspaper declared that “Bagelmania was contagious and incurable.”

Rabbi Sholom B. Lipskar, a charismatic figure in the Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidic movement, who helped transform South Florida into a vibrant center of Jewish life, and who founded a national organization that supports Jews in prison and the military, died on May 3 in Miami. He was 78.

Rabbi Lipskar was sent to Miami in 1969 by Rabbi Menachem M. Schneerson, the Lubavitcher rebbe. At the time, the Jewish community consisted primarily of affluent retirees who were not particularly religious. Rabbi Schneerson saw a different future.

Rabbi Lipskar acted as educator, lecturer, spiritual leader, and Torah scholar. Early on, a dozen people showed up, but within a year, hundreds of Jews were attending his programs. At the same time, he founded Aleph Institute, an outreach organization for prisoners. Aleph now has 75 full-time employees.

Rabbi Lipskar “created a Jewish community which right now is one of the most intensely engaged, committed and active Jewish communities in the World, Jacob Solomon, the president and chief executive emeritus of the Greater Miami Jewish Federation, told The Miami Herald. “He was a visionary.”

Stanley Fischer, an economist and central banker whose expertise helped guide global economic policies and defuse financial crises for decades, died on April 30 at his home in Lexington, MA. He was 81.

Mr. Fischer served as head of Israel’s central bank from 2005 to 2013, as vice chair of the Federal Reserve Board from 2014 to 2017, and as the No. 2 officer at the International Monetary Fund from 1994 to 2001, when that agency was struggling to contain financial panics in Mexico, Russia, Asia and Latin America, The New York Times said.

As a professor at M.I.T., he was a thesis adviser to an extraordinary range of future leaders, including Ben S. Bernanke, later chairman of the Fed; Mario Draghi, president of the European central bank; and Kazuo Ueda, governor of the Bank of Japan. His former students also included Christina D. Romer and N. Gregory Mankiw, who served as chairs of the U.S. Council of Economic Advisors, and Lawrence H. Summers, who served as secretary of the Treasury and president of Harvard University.

Pierre Nova, a French scholar whose ideas about the role of memory and identity in the writing of history gained prominence both in France and abroad, and who became a kingpin in his country’s intellectual community through his influence over publishing, died on June 2 in Paris. He was 93.

Mr. Nora’s major contribution to historiography was the concept of “lieux de mémoire” (sites of memory), a term he coined to describe elements of the past that a community chooses to remember and which become symbolic of a shared identity. Examples would be Joan of Arc, the national anthem “La Marseillaise,” and the rooster — “le coq gaulois” — as an unofficial icon of France.

Joel Shapiro, a celebrated American sculptor whose works imbued life-size stick figures with a surprising depth of feeling, died June 14 in Manhattan. He was 83.

From one piece to the next, his figures appear to leap with joy, dance balletically, fall backward, topple onto their heads, or collapse onto the floor into a tangle of arms and legs.

He executed more than 30 large-scale commissions, most notably “Loss and Regeneration,” commissioned for the plaza of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, which opened in 1993.

In 1982, at age 41, Mr. Shapiro was honored with a much-praised midcareer retrospective at the Whitney Museum of American Art. He was also well regarded for his works on paper, especially his abstract compositions in chalk and charcoal.

Harris Yulin, a character actor who for more than six decades portrayed unsympathetic, menacing, corrupt and glowering guys on stage and on screen, died on June 10 in Manhattan. He was 87.

Mr. Yulin never became a marquee name, but to many audiences, he was instantly recognizable. He portrayed J. Edgar Hoover, Hamlet and Senator Joseph McCarthy. Other roles ranged from crooked cops and politicians to a lecherous television anchorman.

Mr. Yulin never stopped working. At his death, he was preparing for a role in the TV series “American Classic,” with Kevin Kline and Laura Linney. The director said of him in a statement after his death, “His marriage of immense technique with an always fresh sense of discovery gave his work an immediacy and vitality and purity I’ve experienced nowhere else.”

Leonard A. Lauder, the art patron and philanthropist who with his mother, Estée Lauder, built a family cosmetics business into a worldwide organization of brands, died on June 7 at his home on the Upper East Side of Manhattan. He was 92.

While best known for his business enterprises, Mr. Lauder was also one of America’s most influential philanthropists and art patrons. He gave hundreds of millions to museums, medical institutions and breast cancer and Alzheimer’s research, as well as to other cultural, scientific and social causes.

In 2013, he pledged the most significant gift in the history of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, a trove of nearly 80 Cubist paintings, drawings and sculptures by Picasso, Braque, Léger and Gris. Scholars put the value of the gift at $1 billion and said its quality rivaled or surpassed that of the collections of the MOMA in New York, the State Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg, Russia, and the Pompidou Center in Paris.

Estée Lauder’s sales, which hovered around $800,000 a year when Mr. Lauder joined the company, soared to more than $16 billion for fiscal 2021. Mr. Lauder’s personal fortune has been estimated at about 10.1 billion, according to Forbes, making him one of the 100 richest Americans.

For all his contributions to various causes, Mr. Lauder regarded himself as a frugal man with an eye on the bottom line. “I use slivers of soap, I reuse paperclips, I use the backside of memos,” he told The New York Times in 2004. “You can take the child out of the Depression, but you can’t take the Depression out of the child.”