Neal Sher, 74, a lawyer who for 11 years ran the federal office that rooted out WWII-era Nazis in the United States and moved to revoke their citizenship and deport them died Oct. 3 at his home in Manhattan.

Mr. Sher joined the newly-formed Office of Special Investigations, the Justice Department’s Nazi-hunting department, as a litigator in 1979 and became its director four years later. Its targets were often individuals who had lied to enter the United States after WWII to conceal their Nazi past.

The cases Mr. Sher prosecuted or oversaw included those of John Demjanjuk, who was accused of having been a death camp guard and deported to Germany; Archbishop Valerian Trifa, who, as part of the antisemitic Iron Guard of Romania, was reported to have instigated a pogrom in 1941 against Jews in Bucharest; and Arthur Rudolph, who was accused of “working slave laborers to death” in the V-2 rocket factory in Germany before becoming the project manager of NASA’s Saturn 5 rocket program, which was critical to the Apollo spaceflights. Mr. Trifa was deported to Portugal, and Mr. Rudolph surrendered his citizenship and agreed to go to West Germany rather than fight deportation.

In 1986, Mr. Sher recommended that Kurt Waldheim, a former secretary-general of the United Nations, be denied entry to the United States because of his service as a German Army lieutenant in the Balkans during brutal campaigns against Yugoslav partisans and mass deportations of Greek Jews to death camps. Attorney General Edwin Meese III put Mr. Waldheim — who had been elected president of Austria by then — on a list of people who were barred from entering the United States.

Rabbi Moshe Tendler, a singular authority on medical ethics in the Jewish world, died Sept. 28 at a hospital in Rochelle Park, NJ. He was 95.

Rabbi Tendler was both a master of the Torah and a trained microbiologist. In articles, three books, speeches, and frequent legislative testimony, Rabbi Tendler made influential statements on a number of controversial issues — the clinical definition of death, organ transplantation, permissible circumcision techniques, stem cell research and more — that shaped how the larger Jewish community addressed these questions.

Rabbi Tendler’s more than 80-year association with Yeshiva University began when he entered its Talmudical Academy, a high school. He later took up rabbinical studies at the university’s Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary. Drawn to biology from childhood, Rabbi Tendler, while studying at Yeshiva, simultaneously took evening courses at New York University. There he received a bachelor’s degree in biology and then a master’s degree before eventually earning a doctorate at Columbia.

Yeshiva hired him as a biology instructor in 1952, and within a few years, he was appointed assistant dean in charge of student affairs. He was later named a rosh yeshiva at the seminary, a title given to the school’s leading teachers and one he held at his death. He lectured from his hospital bed by Zoom until five months ago, his son Mordecai said.

Anni Bergman, an Austrian-born psychoanalyst, who worked with autistic children and contributed to a landmark study of early childhood development, died on Oct. 2 at home in Manhattan. She was 102.

One of Dr. Bergman’s innovations in the treatment of autistic children was to add a helper to the mix: a therapeutic companion, who could help the child navigate his or her world. One example involved a child who wanted to take down all the items from the shelves of a grocery store. She knew that behind the child’s impulse was a need to establish her own sort of order on the world.

Inge Ginsberg, who fled the Holocaust, helped American spies in Switzerland during WWII, wrote songs in Hollywood and, in a final assertion of her presence on earth, made a foray into heavy metal music as a nonagenarian, died July 20 in a care home in Zurich. She was 99.

She was the frontwoman for the band Inge and the Tritone Kings, which competed on television on “Switzerland’s Got Talent,” entered the Eurovision Song Contest and made music videos. Whatever the venue, Ms. Ginsberg would typically appear in long gowns and pearls and flash the two-fingered hand signal for “rock on” as she sang about the Holocaust, climate change, mental health and other issues.

Born into a family of musicians Larry Harlow probably was destined for a music career, but it was his walks to class at the High School of Music and Art in Upper Manhattan that put him onto his lifelong passion.

“When I got out of the subway, I would walk up this huge hill and hear this strange music coming from all the bodegas,” he told The Forward in 2006. “I thought, ‘What kind of music is this?’”

What he was hearing was early recordings by Tito Puente and other energetic new Latin sounds. Soon Mr. Harlow, a Brooklyn-born Jew, was fusing those and other influences into a career as a major figure in salsa, as a pianist, bandleader, songwriter and producer.

In the 1960s and ‘70s, onstage and in the production studios of Fania Records, he would help define salsa and spread it throughout the United States and around the world. He was affectionately known in the Latin music world as “El Judio Maravillosol” the marvelous Jew.

Mr. Harlow died August 20 at a care center in the Bronx. He was 82.

Lila Gleitman, whose pioneering work in linguistics and cognitive science expanded our understanding of how language works and how children go about learning it, died August 8 at a hospital in Philadelphia. She was 91.

According to Dr. Gleitman, the structures, or syntax, of language are hardwired into the brain from birth, and that children already have a sophisticated grasp of how they work. “The study of language acquisition was her field in a special sense,” said Dr. Noam Chomsky, a colleague. “She virtually created the field in its modern form and led in its impressive development ever since.”