Charles Edward Entenmann, 92, who helped expand his family’s Long Island bakery from a local delivery service to a household name, died Feb. 24 in Florida. Entenmann’s, now a supermarket staple, was opened by Charles Entenmann’s grandfather, William, in Brooklyn in 1898. William, an immigrant from Germany, would deliver his baked goods to homes in a horse-drawn wagon.

In 1900, the family moved the bakery to Bay Shore. When his father died in 1951, Charles, his mother and his two brothers started supplying their baked goods to supermarkets. Their packaging introduced see-through boxing, luring customers to their sweets. The 14-acre site in Bay Shore was sold in 1978, has changed hands several times since, and is now owned by Bimbo Bakeries USA.

Charles Entenmann gave generously to Long Island. He supported the Great South Bay WMCA and endowed Southside Hospital in Bay Shore, establishing the Entenmann Family Cardiac Center. He underwrote the development of a self-sustaining power cell at his Biosearch LLC research lab, and also started Biolife LLC, a company that produces health care products to stop bleeding.

Leo Marx, a cultural historian whose landmark book, The Machine in the Garden: Technology and the Pastoral Ideal in America, explores the pervasive intrusion of technology on nature and helped to define the field of American studies, died March 8 at his home in Boston. He was 102.

Professor Marx, who taught for many years at MIT, became a pioneer in an eclectic and still evolving quest to determine an American national identity — an amalgam of intellectual history, the history of ideas and literature, and portions of other disciplines, including philosophy, psychology and art history. Professor Marx added technology to the American studies mix.

The dropping of an atomic bomb on Hiroshima crystallized his thinking about technology, politics, nature and literature. “Quite apart from its tragic consequences, no other event in my lifetime so effectively dramatized the nexus between science-based technological progress and the cumulative, long-term degradation of the environment,” Professor Marx wrote.

Holocaust survivor Leon Schwarzbaum, a key witness in trials of alleged Nazi war criminals, died March 13 at the age of 101, according to the International Auschwitz Committee (IAC). “His death represents a great loss to the collective memory,” said Christoph Heubner, executive vice president of the committee.

Mr. Schwarzbaum testified in 2016 against former Auschwitz camp guard Reinhold Hanning, who was sentenced to five years in prison. In late 2021, he appeared as a witness in the trial of Josef Schuetz, a former guard at the Sachsenhausen camp, and had been scheduled to testify again.

Mr. Schwarzbaum was the only member of his family to survive the camps of Auschwitz, Buchenwald. After the war, he campaigned tirelessly to keep the memory of the Holocaust alive through lectures and talks around the world. He had often expressed anger and regret that so few Nazi war criminals had been brought to justice. “He did not want hatred, he wanted justice,” the IAC said.

Barrie R. Cassileth, whose efforts to bring treatments like acupuncture and massage into mainstream cancer care helped countless patients weather the pain of chemotherapy, radiation and terminal illness, died Feb. 26 at an assisted-living home in Beverly Hills, CA. She was 83.

Dr. Cassileth founded the integrative Medicine Service at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. What started with one woman in a small office grew to a staff of about 60 people, with its own four-story building. Today, thousands of cancer patients at Sloan Kettering, and in similar programs nationwide, benefit from what she called complementary care — the result, Dr. Cassileth always insisted, of advances in conventional medical care.

“Quality of life has only become an issue since enough patients have been around long enough to worry about quality of life,” she told The Washington Post in 2000.”

Madeleine K. Albright, a child of Czech refugees, who fled from Nazi invaders and Communist oppressors, and then flourished as a diplomat in the United States, died March 23 in Washington, CD. She was 84.

Enveloped by a veil of family secrets hidden from her for most of her life, Ms. Albright rose to power and fame as a brilliant analyst of world affairs and a White House counselor on national security. Under President Bill Clinton, she became the country’s representative to the United Nations (1993-97) and Secretary of State (1997-2001), making her the highest-ranking woman in the history of American government at the time.

It was not until she became Secretary of State that she accepted proof that, as she had long suspected, her ethnic/religious background was not what she had thought. She learned that her family was Jewish and that her parents had protectively converted to Roman Catholicism curing WWII, raising their children as Catholics without telling them of their Jewish heritage. She also discovered that 26 family members, including three grandparents, had been murdered in the Holocaust.